The French landing and assault of the fort at Veracruz. I think Mexico deserved everything it got, which was basically nothing. Barker, Nancy Nichols. While he served as the country’s legitimate authority, this authority had continually been challenged as several political factions struggled for control after the country’s independence from Spain in 1821 (Baker). This propaganda roused its citizens and was often the cause of French national persecution. If we do the... Should you ever find yourself in a position of influence, you’ll be required to pay the toll of compliance. There are no reports of attacks on non-combatants or targeting non-military targets. Riddled with French je nes se quoi, Remontel—the pastry chef—petitions his native country to force Mexico into paying 60,000 pesos for a shop that everyone agrees is only worth 1,000 pesos (Klein). Officially, Mexico had legitimate authority, but those actually carrying out the war did not. The Pastry War It may sound like a televised baking competition, but the Pastry War was an actual war fought between Mexico and France for several weeks in the 1830s. “Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna”. I am part of the first... No matter your political stance, newspapers are organizations of sensationalism, partisanship, editorial opinion, and payola. “According to the highest levels of the Mexican government, all five of France’s foreign ministers [1800-1860] were thoroughly offensive, and due to their arrogance, they made negotiation impossible. The Pastry War, a minor conflict between Mexico and France, took place from 1838 to 1839.. “The French Colony in Mexico, 1821-61: Generator of Intervention.” French Historical Studies, vol. There has never been a better time — there has never been more opportunity than right now — for people to do the right thing. In order for you to never miss a story, you can subscribe to this monthly newsletter that will keep you up to date with the latest and greatest articles published each week. People of all ages love this beautiful sweet pastry. Mexico says no *insert French accent* and a French blockade of the entire Atlantic side of Mexico ensues. Throughout the 1820s and 1830s, Mexico experienced political turmoil and constant rebellions by dissident army officers. After a few months of negotiations a deal was reached. Pies have a history that goes back as long as humans have had dough to bake into a crust and stuff it with something morish. As the Mexican government continued to refuse his demand, he took his complaint to the French government. This declaration came from President Anastasio Bustamante. Sarah Saturday might be my... Maybe you can never go home again. The United States, allied with France, sent a schooner of its own to assist in the blockade and the Republic of Texas patrolled the Corpus Christi Bay in an effort to stop smuggling through its territory. The United States seized upon this in 1846, taking half of Mexico’s territory by force. By making the declaration of war, Mexico cleared the table of any potential diplomatic fallout for France. Admiral Baudin’s plan for the assault of Veracruz. By mid-December, French forces had captured the entire city with minor incident. This course of action by Mexico effectively sealed their fate. The war was nominally fought because French citizens living in Mexico during a prolonged period of strife had their investments ruined and the Mexican government refused any sort of reparations, but it also had to do with long-standing Mexican debt. It was during this action that Santa Anna lost his leg, while simultaneously lifting his political career out of disgrace. In light of the Mexican government’s failure to respond to their complaints, owners of these French businesses turned to the French government in hopes of restitution. The decades leading up to, and during the Pastry War, France had no intent of seizing control of Mexico and bringing to end all of its civil unrest. The diplomatic problems and possible retaliation this would create with Spain and Great Britain was not worth the risk, along with logistical problems of Mexico’s geography. This failure to recapture Veracruz left Mexico in a precarious position. The Mexican government received the largest amount of complaints from French nationals, little to none of the concerns were ever addressed, leading to over 400 French tradesman and merchants petitioning the French government for armed intervention (Baker). Mexican citizens, bereft of representation, were left without compensation from the government. By Theodore Gudin, 1839. King Louis-Philippe of France likes the idea of money and pastry, but decides to make it worth his while and add an extra zero to the number—he demands that Mexico pay France 600,000 pesos (3 million francs) for unpaid debts incurred during the Texas Revolution and for damages caused to French nationals (Klein). Journalists... Sarah Saturday's dreamy-reflective bedroom pop rock project captivates and compels with earnest songwriting. Author: Mexico responded appropriately by attempting to defend itself. Please note: I got my information from Wiki and from a friend, Saul, who translated what I read to him over the phone, from a Spanish-language website. 4, 1976, pp. Military History Now, 2012 “The War of Jenkins’ Ear”. From fighting over pastries to a chimpanzee civil war, this is a more light-hearted look at the serious issue of war. Today, “The Pastry War” has just about disappeared from Mexican history. It’s amazing how a disgruntled portly pastry chef who literally had the ear of the emperor could have influenced history to such a great degree. Take a look. This is the origin of the name of Flour Bluff. Without a full commitment to restructuring the Mexican government and managing the peace, none of the issues that lead them to war could be resolved. If this war doesn’t make it to the list of craziest wars, then I don’t know which one will! Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_López_de_Santa_Anna. Go to https://NordVPN.com/thehistoryguy or use code THEHISTORYGUY to get 70% off a 3 year plan plus 1 additional month free. Expedition of Vice-Admiral Baudin to Mexico in 1838. Bombing Mexico created more internal turmoil and did nothing to expedite commercial growth or create goodwill for French nationals. In 1838 a French pastry cook, Remontel, claimed that his shop in the Tacubaya district of Mexico City had been ruined by looting Mexican officers in 1828. Mexican officials ignored his complaints, so Remontel petitioned the French government for compensation. Internally, the dispute over how the government should be structured led to widespread disorder. After gaining its independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico went into a period of internal and external strife. Had I known that Nancy Reagan had no legal authority and that the war on drugs was a complete sham, my high school might have turned out differently. Zavala enjoyed the loyalty of factions within the Army and he called upon them to fight back against Pedraza. The Pastry War was ultimately an expression of retribution on the part of France. From the French perspective, its citizens had been continually harassed, forced into taking egregious loans from the Mexican government, were victims of countless raids and lootings during Mexican civil distress, unfairly tried or represented in Mexican court, and singled out and even slaughtered simply for being French (Baker). “Santa Anna’s Leg? French-owned businesses were not spared the damage associated with the chaotic and often violent political turmoil of Mexico. Daryl Worthington, NewHistorian.com, April 2015 “The Pastry War, 175 Years Ago”. A full land invasion would have to occur in order to seize control of the country, and the resources this would expend would weaken France—if it were even feasible. However, the war went on for twelve years. Game on. The Pastry War, Maximilian, and the History of French-Mexican Cuisine In 2010, The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) listed traditional French and Mexican cuisines on the list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. However, it may strange to hear, but this pastry brings war between France and Mexico. November 11, 2016. While Mexico had no intent of going to war with France, it also didn’t operate with good faith or trust. However, these claims were not completely off base as Barker uncovers through official transcrips. There are five qualifications Just War Theorists use to evaluate wars, in this article I'll break down the Pastry War between France and Mexico in 1838. Admiral Baudin was quick to seize the opportunity this provided and he launched an invasion of Veracruz. Even though the blockade was tight, it provided little encouragement for Mexico to meet France’s demands. Once King Louis-P sent the warships, command of the fleet was assumed by Charles Baudin. Financial records report unprecedented low earnings of merchants through 1838 (Baker), however this had a much greater impact on French nationals working in trade than it did on the Mexican government. Monsieur Remontel’s story begins in the Parian Marketplace, on the outskirts of Mexico City. Under the category “little known battles that you would not know about unless you were a history buff or lived in that country”, I bring you The Pastry War, or la guerra de los pasteles as it is known in Mexico. The Pastry War (source: history.com) Disputes come and disputes go and for the most part, we forget why we were even angry in the first place after a day or two. Enter your email below and never miss news and new releases from SW Hammond. Pastry WarPastry War, a conflict between Mexico and France in 1838–1839. Following the abdication of King Charles X and the House of Bourbon’s fall from power, France finally recognized and established diplomatic relations with Mexico in 1830. French diplomats clearly stated several times over that “Mexico needed to be taught a lesson” (Baker), but this attitude harmed France more than it did Mexico. Amid this internal chaos, the destruction and looting of private property was a common occurrence. Various online sources in English and Spanish. The French are poised in an awkward position. It would also mark the first time France exercised its military might against the newly independent Mexico. On the French side, there’s no way a fleet of ships could have brought an end to Mexican political unrest, civil disobedience, and xenophobia. It is also well documented that France, as arrogant as they may have been, continually over a 15 year period tried to create a treaty and well-defined trade agreement, similar to the ones it had with other nations suggesting that the terms weren’t skewed, and Mexico refused to sign all of them (Baker). Haha, right…. Both sides were unjust, France just happened to be extremely incompetent and misguided in regard to their projection of the probable good that the war could create—making them the most unjust. Historians trace the pie’s initial origins to the Greeks, who are thought to be the originators of the pastry shell. From all of the dismal correspondences sent by French foreign ministers, the petitions for armed intervention requested by colonists, the passionate case made by pastry chef Remontel, and the tremendous debt going unpaid through diplomatic resolution—King Louis-Philippe felt he owed it to his subjects to take some sort of action and restore Just order for his citizens in Mexico. The king was already furious that Mexico had failed to repay millions in loans, and now he dem… Ultimately, Zavala prevailed over Pedraza resulting in the removal of Pedraza from office as President. On March 9, 1839, Mexico signs a deal agreeing to pay France 600,000 pesos to end the bloodshed. Trade was also suffering due to Mexican political corruption and instability, greatly affecting the key livelihood of French colonists. The official hardcover, paperback, digital, and audiobook covers of SW Hammond’s newest novel. For some reason I’ve avoided writing about Ghost... Guilty Pleasure? A bunch of ships showing up wasn’t suddenly going to fill the Mexican treasury, or build the infrastructure of proper roads, bridges, and harbors needed for successful trade (Baker). At this point, both sides are unsure of how to proceed. These diplomats were brutally frank in their reports expressing their scorn for the Mexicans and often referred to them as an “inferior race without the slightest bit of probity”” (Baker). The relationship between Mexico and France proved to be exceptionally tense due to several reasons. Let me tell you, there’s plenty of dumb wars out there, but I needed something with more substance than, say, the folklore surrounding the War of the Bucket (Bologna and Modena, 1325). Mexico also used propaganda against its own internal political rivals, claiming opponents were colluding, spying, and conspiring with the French when it was clear that King Louis-Philippe had no ambitions of conquering Mexico or interfering with its politics (Baker). Naturally, the lost appendage receives a full honored military burial (Chicago Tribune). JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/286207. Several days of fighting within Mexico City ensued. Yeah, but we don’t care about dumb—more importantly, was the war Just? France’s solution of monetary compensation seems like a rational attempt to justify frustration and create the appearance that consequences will be had if obligations are not met. The most famous of these is the pastry chef, Monsieur Remontel. This is a map showing the location of Flour Bluff. Once the bombardment of Veracruz began, Mexico felt it was fully justified in defending itself. The Pastry War (Spanish: Guerra de los pasteles, French: Guerre des Pâtisseries), also known as the First French intervention in Mexico or the First Franco-Mexican War (1838–1839), began in November 1838 with the naval blockade of some Mexican ports and the capture of the fortress of San Juan de Ulúa in Veracruz by French forces sent by King Louis-Philippe. Of course, the Mexicans saw it differently. Although the name of this war inspires visions of glorious food fights, this 1838–1839 war between France and Mexico was a sordid episode of international extortion. It was 1828 and the President of Mexico, Manuel Gomez Pedraza removed local governor Lorenzo de Zavala from office. It took quite a while to arrive at the final... That’s what my desktop looks like–I see Stevie all day, every day. Immediately, Mexico declares war on France and tells all French nationals that they must vacate the country or be deported (Baker). No… really! Causalities are relatively low, except for Santa Anna’s leg, and Mexico does not regain any ground. 596–618. As the French stand around Veracruz scratching their heads, having no way to squeeze money out of empty Mexican coffers and with no intention of actually taking Mexican territory, Great Britain steps in and brokers a peace treaty. The Pastry War of Mexico remains a mere footnote in many Mexican history books, although it played a huge role in the shaping of the country. While these are sympathetic concerns, the projected outcome does not follow from the horrors created by war. And with that—the Pastry War—according to historians, is one of the dumbest wars in history. In 1864 the French again invaded Mexico further exacerbating the country’s woes. These include the right to protect the innocent from unjust attack, to restore rights wrongfully denied, and to re-establish Just order. No one gets deported, the minor skirmishes are ill-prepared and seemingly pride-laden, and none of the attacks serve as a strategic value. The Republic of Texas was concerned about a French blockade of their ports and dispatched troops to patrol Corpus Christi Bay, in an effort to prevent Mexico from smuggling goods. On the surface, your gut tells you absolutely not. Consequently, the French withdrew from Veracruz and left the country. France had loaned Mexico money during the Texas Revolution that was never repaid, Mexican officials scarcely acknowledging that the transactions took place. There was also a great deal of money on the line. The military action only drove them further into debt and hurt the nationals they were representing. Baudin, witnessing little progress and taking great concern over his sailor’s wellbeing—fearing them becoming riddled by disease (vomito negro) the following summer (Baker)—the commander accelerated the campaign by bombarding the Mexican fort off of the coast of Veracruz. The French withdraw their forces, released the blockade, and Mexico never paid a cent. Wealthy Romans used many different kinds of meats, even mussels and seafood, in their pies. Because of this, France fails to meet all of the most crucial concepts of waging a Just war. Because of this, France never possessed the proper proportionality or right intention when entering the war. According to Remontel, his shop was a total loss, nothing was spared, not even a croissant. I digress… Well, King Louis-Philippe of France is about as legal as it gets seeing as he makes the laws. Many Mexicans know nothing about it. One must always have in mind that the object of war is Just and lasting peace, with goodwill and charity among enemies. In addition to this amount, Mexico had defaulted on millions of dollars' worth of loans from France. At the time of the war, French national assets were estimated to be 50 million francs ($10M dollars) with yearly French exports steadily growing from 12.6 million francs per year to 18.3 million francs in the course of a decade (Baker). This is where the so-called Pastry War becomes incredibly complex and decades of history and social context need to be taken into account. The aftermath of the War France withdrew its forces on 9 March 1839 leaving a devastated Mexico in its wake. Christopher Klein, History.com, November 2013. Let’s break it down. Since arriving in Mexico, French nationals faced substantial xenophobia from the Spanish and Mexicans alike after its independence (Baker). Baudin had no intention of seizing more territory and Mexico didn’t possess the power to remove the French.
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